1145-81-9 Z-GLY-OET

I-Ester yenziwe ngokusabela kwe-esterization ye-asidi ye-inorganic noma i-organic acid noma utshwala.Utshwala noma i-phenol noma i-anhydride ene-asidi, utshwala ne-ethylene, i-asidi yamahhala kanye nokuphuma kokuphuma kwe-nitrogen okunamafutha nakho kungakhiqiza i-ester.I-hydrogen eku-alpha-carbon kuma-molecule e-ester ilahlekelwa uphuzo oludakayo lwengqamuzana nenye i-ester yengqamuzana ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkali ukuze ikhiqize i-β-keto ester, ebizwa ngokuthi i-ester contraction reaction.Isibonelo, i-acetyl acetate ikhiqizwa ukukhiqiza i-acetyl ethyl acetate.Lokhu kusabela kubaluleke kakhulu ku-organic synthesis.

Igama le-ester livela egameni elihambisanayo le-carboxylic acid notshwala noma i-phenol, njengokuthi "i-asidi ethile ne-ester ethile".I-Circle esters ibizwa ngokuthi i-lactone (lactone).Izici zamakhemikhali ze-ester zifana ne-amyl niche anhydride, ejwayele ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis, utshwala kanye ne-ammonia.I-ester yezinga eliphansi iwuketshezi olunephunga elimnandi futhi oluguquguqukayo olungenambala, futhi i-ester ethuthukisiwe iqinile.I-Estes izincibilikisi ezibalulekile nezinto zokwenziwa zokwenziwa, kanti amanye ama-ester ayizidakamizwa ngokwazo.Ngokohlobo lwe-asidi, i-ester ingahlukaniswa ibe i-asidi ye-inorganic ester ne-organic acid ester.I-Etate, i-ethyl acetate i-ester enamafutha, i-acetate i-ester enamakha, futhi i-namanonate i-ester eyi-cyclic.

I-ester ngokuvamile iwuketshezi olungenambala olungathathi hlangothi.I-ester ekhiqizwe umjaho wamafutha kanye notshwala obugcwele inephunga lesithelo, elingancibilika emanzini, futhi kunzima futhi ukuncibilika emanzini.Enye iphoyinti elikhanyayo le-ester liphansi futhi livame ukusha.Umusi ungamuncwa umgudu wokuphefumula, futhi i-ester ewuketshezi ingamuncwa isikhumba.Ngemva kokumuncwa, iyancibilika ku-plasma, kanti ezinye zazo zikhishwa ngamaphaphu nezinso.Ngemuva kwe-hydrolysis ethile, phenduka ube yinqubo evamile ye-metabolic.Ngaphezu kwezinhlanganisela ezimbalwa ze-ester, eziningi zazo zinobuthi kakhulu futhi zinobuthi kakhulu, futhi eziningi zazo ziyi-micro-toxic kuya ezigabeni ezinobuthi obuphakathi, futhi eziningi zazo aziwona ubuthi.Kunama-ester angama-38 emaqenjini etiye.Ikakhulukazi: ① i-ester enamafutha: ekhiqizwa utshwala namafutha, njenge-ethyl acetate, i-hexyl hexyate.② I-ester enephunga elimnandi: ekhiqizwa utshwala ne-asidi enamakha, njenge-Shun-3-hexylzyl.③ I-Circin esters: ekhiqizwa utshwala ne-cyclocar, njenge-jasmone hyacxide.I-ester ngokuvamile ayithathi hlangothi, engenziwa i-hydrolyzed futhi ikhiqize utshwala ne-asidi.Izinombolo zekhabhoni ephansi ngokuvamile ziwuketshezi olunuka kamnandi, futhi izinombolo zekhabhoni ephezulu ziwuketshezi kanye nezinto eziqinile ezingancibiliki emanzini.