I-L-TIC-Otbu

I-Ester yenziwe ngokusabela kwe-esterization ye-asidi ye-inorganic noma i-organic acid noma utshwala.Utshwala noma i-phenol noma i-anhydride ene-asidi, utshwala ne-ethylene, i-asidi yamahhala kanye nokuphuma kokuphuma kwe-nitrogen okunamafutha nakho kungakhiqiza i-ester.I-hydrogen eku-alpha-carbon kuma-molecule e-ester ilahlekelwa uphuzo oludakayo lwengqamuzana nenye i-ester yengqamuzana ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkali ukuze ikhiqize i-β-keto ester, ebizwa ngokuthi i-ester contraction reaction.Isibonelo, i-acetyl acetate ikhiqizwa ukukhiqiza i-acetyl ethyl acetate.Lokhu kusabela kubaluleke kakhulu ku-organic synthesis.

Igama le-ester livela egameni elihambisanayo le-carboxylic acid notshwala noma i-phenol, njengokuthi "i-asidi ethile ne-ester ethile".I-Circle esters ibizwa ngokuthi i-lactone (lactone).Izici zamakhemikhali ze-ester zifana ne-amyl niche anhydride, ejwayele ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis, utshwala kanye ne-ammonia.I-ester yezinga eliphansi iwuketshezi olunephunga elimnandi futhi oluguquguqukayo olungenambala, futhi i-ester ethuthukisiwe iqinile.I-Estes izincibilikisi ezibalulekile nezinto zokwenziwa zokwenziwa, kanti amanye ama-ester ayizidakamizwa ngokwazo.Ngokohlobo lwe-asidi, i-ester ingahlukaniswa ibe i-ester ye-inorganic acid ne-organic acid ester.I-Etate, i-ethyl acetate i-ester enamafutha, i-acetate i-ester enamakha, futhi i-namanonate i-ester eyi-cyclic.